Confidentiality refers to the treatment of information. When information is held in confidence, and is therefore confidential, it can only be shared if allowed for in national law to authorised organisation. The shared information is limited in scope only to the information necessary for these parties in order to carry out their functions.  If not allowed for in law, the holder of the information will need to be given consent by the individual to share the information with another organisation (e.g. personal information shared with an attorney, a physician, a psychologist, etc. generally cannot be divulged to third parties without the express consent of the client/patient). Privacy and confidentiality safeguards must be put in place and applied regarding information handling, according to national practice.